Démarche scientifique
La démarche
Les plantes citées ici ont fait l’objet de recherches cliniques complètes et rigoureuses. Elles sont ainsi validées exactement à l’égal des médicaments conventionnels et sont capables de rivaliser, preuves scientifiques à l’appui, avec tel comprimé antimigraineux, tel somnifère ou tel antidépresseur de synthèse, par exemple.
On entend tout et son contraire sur les plantes médicinales et sur la santé en général. Au point qu’on ne sait plus que croire. Vous aimeriez savoir ce qui est réellement efficaces. Alors ce guide est fait pour vous.
Un guide à la fois rigoureux – si bien que même les professionnels de la santé pourront s’y référer – et accessible à tous.
Avec, en préambule, des « chemins de décision » (schémas synoptiques), basés sur les travaux de la très sérieuse « British Medical Associaition », pour trouver facilement les plantes adaptées aux maux et symptômes les plus courants.
Basé sur l’enquête du Dr Bertrand Graz, médecin lui-même, et du Dr Jacques Falquet, biochimiste, tous deux à Genève en Suisse (« 33 plantes validées scientifiquement » — éditions Favre, Lausanne).
Les références des articles scientifiques qui forment la base des informations synthétisées sur ce site sont données au bas de cette page.
Ouvrages généraux
Bauer B, (sous la direction de). Mayo Clinic book of alternative medicine. New York : Time Inc. ; 2007.
Bézanger-Beauquesne L et al. : Plantes médicinales des régions tempérées. 2e éd. Maloine, Paris : 1990.
D’Arcy PF: Adverse reactions and interactions with herbal medicines. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 1991 ; 10(4) :189-208.
De Smet PAGM., Keller K, Hänsel R, Chandler RF: Adverse Effects of herbal Drugs (vol. 1-3). Ed. in collab. with the Pharmaceuticals Programme of the World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe: Springer, Berlin[etc.], 1992-1997.
Ernst E, Pittler M, Wider B, Boddy K.: Oxford handbook of complementary medicine. Oxford : Oxford University Press ; 2008.
Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K : Giftpflanzen – Pflanzengifte. 4e éd. Ecomed, Landsberg, 1994.
Schulz V, Hänsel R, Tyler VE : Rational phytotherapy. A Physician’s Guide to Herbal Medicine (3e éd.). Springer, Berlin [etc.]. 1998
OMS (Organisation mondiale de la santé) : Selected medicinal plants (volumes 1-4). Genève, 1999-2009.
Wichtl M, Anton R : Plantes thérapeutiques : tradition, pratique officinale, science et thérapeutique. Éd. Technique et Documentation, 1999.
Bibliographies particulières
(Pour alléger la liste des auteurs, quand ils sont nombreux pour un article, on remplace par et al.)
Airelle, canneberge
1. Kontiokari T, et al.: Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women. BMJ 2001 322:1571-3.
2. Avorn J, et al.: Reduction of bacteriuria abd pyuria after ingestion of cranberry juice. JAMA 1994;271:751-4.
3.Howell AB, et al.: Inhibition of the adherence of p-fimbriated Escherichia coli to uroepithelial-cell surfaces by proanthocyanidin extracts from cranberries. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1085-6.
4. Ferrara P, et al.: Cranberry juice for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections: a randomized controlled trial in children. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2009;43(5):369-72.
5. Stapleton AE, et al.: Recurrent urinary tract infection and urinary Escherichia coli in women ingesting cranberry juice daily: a randomized controlled trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012;87(2):143-50.
6. Caljouw MA, et al.: Effectiveness of cranberry capsules to prevent urinary tract infections in vulnerable older persons: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in long-term care facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014;62(1):103-10.
Ail
1. Ried K1, et al.: Effect of garlic on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2008;8:13. J Hypertension 1994;12(4):463-8.
2. Silagy CA, Neil HA : Garlic as a lipid lowering agent: a meta-analysis. J Roy Coll Phys London. 1994; 28(1):39-45.
3. Ernst E : Hypoglycaemic plant medicines. Perfusion 1996; 9(11):416-18.
4. Simons S, Wollersheim H, Thien T: A systematic review on the influence of trial quality on the effect of garlic on blood pressure. Neth J Med. 2009;67(6):212-9.
Aloès
1. Syed TA, et al.: Management of Psoriasis with Aloe vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Trop Med & Int Health. 1996;1:505-9.
2. Syed TA, et al.: Management of genital herpes in men with 0.5 % Aloe vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: A placebo-controlled double-blind study. J of Dermatol Treatment. 1997;8(2):99-102.
3. Shahzad MN, Ahmed N: Effectiveness of Aloe Vera gel compared with 1 % silver sulphadiazine cream as burn wound dressing in second degree burns. J Pak Med Assoc. 2013;63(2):225-30.
4. Khorasani G, et al.: Aloe versus silver sulfadiazine creams for second-degree burns: a randomized controlled study. Surg Today. 2009;39(7):587-91.
5. Maenthaisong R, et al.: The efficacy of aloe vera used for burn wound healing: a systematic review. Burns. 2007;33(6):713-8.
Aubepine
1. Ammon HPT, Kaul R: Crataegus: Effets de l’extrait d’aubépine, de flavonoïdes et de procyanidine sur le cycle cardiaque [en allemand]. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 1994;134:1433-6,2521-35,2631-6.
2. Weihmayr T, Ernst E: Therapeutic effectiveness of Crataegus. Fortschr der Med. 1996; 114: 27-9.
3. Schmidt U, Kuhn U, Ploch M, Hubner WD : Efficacité de l’extrait d’aubépine LI 132 (600 mg/d) pendant 8 semaines de traitement. Un essai randomisé contrôle en double aveugle. Avec 78 patients souffrant d’insuffisance cardiaque stade NIHA 2 [en allemand]. Munch Med Wochenschr. 1994;136, suppl 1:13-19.
4. Bodigheimer K, Chase D : Effectiveness of hawthorn extract at a dosage of 3 x 100 mg per day. Multicentre double-blind trial with 85 NYHA stage II heart failure patients. Munch Med Wochenschr. 1994;136, suppl 1:7-11.
5. Tauchert M, Gildor A, Lipinski J : Extrait « haute dose » d’aubépine WS 1442 dans le traitement de l’insuffisance cardiaque stade NYHA 2 [en allemand] (erratum in Herz 1999; 24(7):586). Herz. 1999;24(6):465-74.
6. Schmidt U, Albrecht M, Schmidt S: Effets d’une combinaison aubépine-camphre sur les symptômes de maladie cardio-vasculaire [en allemand]. Arzneimitt Forsch. 2000;50(7):613-9.
7. Degenring FH1, Suter A, Weber M, Saller R: A randomised double blind placebo controlled clinical trial of a standardised extract of fresh Crataegus berries (Crataegisan) in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure NYHA II. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(5):363-9.
8. Wang J, Xiong X, Feng B. : Effect of Crataegus Usage in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: An Evidence-Based Approach. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:149363.
Café
1. Kivity, S., et al.: The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Chest 1990, 97(5),1083-1085.
2. Welsh E.J., et al. : Caffeine for asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 ;(1):CD001112.
3. Derry CJ et al: Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant for acute pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014.
4. Nowaczewska M, et al.: The Ambiguous Role of Caffeine in Migraine Headache: From Trigger to Treatment. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 28;12(8):2259.
Camomille
1. Aertgeerts P, Albring M, Klaschka F, et al.: Essai comparatif de la crème de Kamillosan, de crèmes aux stéroïdes (hydrocortisone 0.25 %, ester de fluocortin 0.75 %) et d’agents dermatologiques non stéroïdaux (bufexamac 5 %) dans le traitement d’entretien de maladies eczémateuses [en allemand]. Z Hautkr 1985;60(3):270-7.
2. Carl W, Emrich LS: Management of oral mucositis during local radiation and systemic chemotherapy: a study of 98 patients. J Prosthetic Dentistry. 1991; 66: 361-9.
3. Jarrahi M, Vafaei AA, Taherian AA, et al.: Evaluation of topical Matricaria chamomilla extract activity on linear incisional wound healing in albino rats. Nat Prod Res. 2010;24(8):697-702.
4. Rügge SD, Nielsen M, Jacobsen AS, et al.: Évidences des effets dermatologiques de la camomille [en danois]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2010;172(50):3492-6.
Chardon-Marie
1. Ferenci P, Dragosics B, Dittrich H, et al.: Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol 1989;9(1):105-13.
2. Flora K, Hahn M, Rosen H, and Benner K: Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) for the therapy of liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1998.93(2):139-43.
3. Vargas-Mendoza N, Madrigal-Santillán E, Morales-González A, et al.: Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. World J Hepatol. 2014;6(3):144-149.
4. Ferenci P, Scherzer TM, Kerschner H, et al. : Silibinin is a potent antiviral agent in patients with chronic hepatitis C not responding to pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy. Gastroenterology. 2008
Courge
1. Carbin BE, Larsson B, Lindahl O: Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with phytosterols. Br J Urol 1990;66(6):639-41.
2. Schilcher H (sous la direction de): Phytotherapie in der Urologie. Hippokrates Verlag Stuttgart, 1992.
3. Friederich M, Theurer C, Schiebel-Schlosser G. [Prosta Fink Forte capsules in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Multicentric surveillance study in 2245 patients]. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd 2000;7:200-4.
Cumin noir
1. Kooti W, et al.: Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic uses of black seed (Nigella sativa). Chin J Nat Med. 1 oct 2016;14(10):732‑45.
2. Hamdan A, et al.: Effects of Nigella Sativa on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 5 déc 2019;16(24):4911.
3. Ahmad A, et al.: A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. mai 2013;3(5):337‑52.
4. Tavakkoli A, et al.: Review on Clinical Trials of Black Seed (Nigella sativa ) and Its Active Constituent, Thymoquinone. J Pharmacopuncture. sept 2017;20(3):179‑93.
5. Joseph L, et al.: Drug Interaction analysis-Nigella sativa L.seed (Black Cumin) ethanolicextract on antiseizure activity of Phenobarbitone sodium. Asian J Med Sci. 29 févr 2020;11(2):18‑20.
6. Mohebbati R, Abbasnezhad A. Effects of Nigella sativa on endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: A review. J Ethnopharmacol. 24 avr 2020;252:112585.
7. Koshak AE, et al.: Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19: An open-label randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med. sept 2021;61:102769.
8. Tania M, et al.: Thymoquinone against infectious diseases: Perspectives in recent pandemics and future therapeutics. Iran J Basic Med Sci. août 2021;24(8):1014‑22.
9. Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara R, et al.: Nigella sativa improves glucose homeostasis and serum lipids in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med. 1 déc 2017;35:6‑13.
10. Hallajzadeh J, et al.: Effects of Nigella sativa on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and biomarkers of inflammatory and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res. 2020;34(10):2586‑608.
11. Koshak A, et al.: Nigella sativa Supplementation Improves Asthma Control and Biomarkers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Phytother Res. 2017;31(3):403‑9.
12. Kalus U, et al.: Effect of Nigella sativa (black seed) on subjective feeling in patients with allergic diseases. Phytother Res. 2003;17(10):1209‑14.
13. Ashraf S, et al.: Honey and Nigella sativa against COVID-19 in Pakistan (HNS-COVID-PK): A multi-center placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. medRxiv. 30 nov 2020;2020.10.30.20217364.
14. Tang G, et al.: Effect of Nigella sativa in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res [Internet]. [cité 5 juill 2021];n/a(n/a). Disponible sur: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.7080
15. Namazi N, et al.: The effects of Nigella sativa L. on obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 12 juin 2018;219:173‑81.
Cumin et fenouil
1. Schulz V, et al., 1998 (opus cit.)
2. Crotteau CA, Wright ST, Eglash A: Clinical inquiries. What is the best treatment for infants with colic? J Fam Pract. 2006 Jul;55(7):634-6.
3. Javidnia K, Dastgheib L, Mohammadi Samani S, Nasiri A: Antihirsutism activity of Fennel (fruits of Foeniculum vulgare) extract. A double-blind placebo controlled study. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(6-7):455-8.
Eucalyptus
1. Cohen BM, Dressler WE: Acute aromatics inhalation modifies the airways. Effects on the common cold. Respiration. 1982;43(4): 285-293.
2. Wittmann M, Petro W, Kaspar P, et al : Thérapie avec des sécrétolytiques pour des patients COPD : Un essai randomisé contrôle en double aveugle comparant Ambroxol et Cinéol [en allemand]. Atemwegs- Und Lungenkrank. 1998 ; 24(2) : 67-74.
Gattilier
1. Milewicz A, Gejdel E, Sworen H, et al.: Extrait de Vitex agnus castus dans le traitement de déficits de la phase lutéale dus à une hyperprolactinémie latente. Résultats d’un essai randomisé contrôle contre placébo [en allemand]. Arzneimit Forsch. 1993;43(7):752-756.
2. Turner S, Mills S: A double-blind trial on a herbal remedy for premenstrual syndrome: a case study. Complement Ther in Med. 1993;1(2).
3. Loew D, Gorkow C, Schrodter A, et al.: Compatibilité dose-dépendante d’un extrait de Vitex agnus-castus [en allemand]. Zeitschr. für Phytother. 1996;17(4):237-240+243.
4. Berger D, Schaffner W, Schrader E, et al.: Efficacy of Vitex agnus castus L. extract Ze 440 in patients with pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS). Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2000;264(3):150-3.
5. Schellenberg R: Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study. BMJ. 2001;322(7279):134-7.
6. van Die MD, Burger HG, Teede HJ, Bone KM: Vitex agnus-castus extracts for female reproductive disorders: a systematic review of clinical trials. Planta Med. 2013;79(7):562-75.
Gingembre
1. Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U: Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1991; 38(1):19-24.
2. Phillips S, Ruggier R, Hutchinson : Zingiber officinale (ginger) – an antiemetic for day case surgery. Anaesthesia. 1993;48(8):715-7.
3. Schmid R, et al.: Comparison of seven commonly used agents for prohylaxis of seasickness. J Travel Med. 1994;1:203-206.
4. White B: Ginger : an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2007;75(11):1689-91. Review. Texte intégral : www.aafp.org
5. Zhu J, Chen H, Song Z, Wang X, Sun Z. : Effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 9;2018:5692962. doi: 10.1155/2018/5692962.
6. James W. Daily a, Mini Yang b, Da Sol Kim b, Sunmin Park b: Efficacy of ginger for treating Type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials-Journal of Ethnic Foods 2 (2015) 36e43.
Ginkgo biloba
1. OMS, 1999 (opus cit., p.163).
2. Halama P, Bartsch G, Meng G: Insuffisance cérébrovasculaire – essai randomisé contrôle en double aveugle sur l’effet d’un extrait de Gingko biloba [en allemand]. Fortschr Med. 1988;106(19):54-60.
3. Grassel E: Cerebral insufficiency – L’influence de l’extrait EGb 761 de Ginkgo biloba sur la performance mentale. Étude en double aveugle auprès de patients en insuffisance cérébrale [en allemand]. Fortschr Med. 1992;110(5):73-78.
4. Drabaek H, Petersen JR, Wiinberg N, et al.: Effect of Gingko biloba extract on lower limb symptoms and cognitive function in patients with intermittent claudication. Ugeskrift for Laeger.1996;158(27):3928-3931.
5. Le Bars PL, Kieser M, Itil KZ: A 26-week analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2000;11(4):230-
6. Stough C, Clarke J, Lloyd J, Nathan PJ: Neuropsychological changes after 30-day Ginkgo biloba administration in healthy participants. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001;4(2):131-4.
7. Weinmann S, Roll S, et al.: Effects of Ginkgo biloba in dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr. 2010;17;10:14.
8. Tan MS, Yu JT, Tan CC, et al.: Efficacy and adverse effects of ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Alzheimers Dis. 2015;43(2):589-603.
Goyave
1. Gutiérrez RM, et al.: Psidium guajava: a review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 17;117(1):1-27.
2. Wei, L., Li, Z., Chen, B., 2000. Clinical study on treatment of infantile rotaviral
enteritis with Psidium guajava L. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 20,
893–895.
3. Lozoya, X., Reyes, M.H., Chavez, S.M.A., Martinez, G.M., Soto, G.Y.,
Doubova, S.V., 2002. Intestinal anti-spasmodic effect of a phytodrug of
Psidium guajava folia in the treatment of acute diarrheic disease. Journal
of Ethnopharmacology 83, 19–24.
Grande camomille
1. Murphy JJ, et al.: Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of feverfiew in migraine prevention. Lancet du 23 juillet 1988;189-192.
2. De Smet, et al., 1992 (opus cit. 1. pp. 255-260).
3. Pittler MH, Vogler BK, Ernst E: Feverfew for preventing migraine (Cochrane review). The Cochrane Library, 2009.
Hamamélis
1. Moore W, James DK: A random trial of three topical analgesic agents in the treatment of episiotomy pain following instrumental vaginal delivery. J Obstet Gynecol 1989;10(1):35-39.
2. Knoch HG, Klug W, Hubner WD : Utilisation de pommade pour hémorroïdes du premier degré. Comparaison de l’effet d’une préparation à base de plante avec deux pommades contenant des substances synthétiques [en allemand]. Fortschr Med. 1992;110:135-138.
3. Korting HC, Schafer-Korting M, Hart H, et al.: Anti-inflammatory activity of hamamelis distillate applied topically to the skin. Influence of vehicle and dose. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;44(4):315-8.
4. Korting HC, Schafer-Korting M, Klovekorn W, et al.: Comparative efficacy of hamamelis distillate and hydrocortisone cream in atopic eczema. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995:48(6):461-5.
5. Donald J Brown ND, Dattner AM: Phytotherapeutic Approaches to Common Dermatologic Conditions. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:1401-4.
6. Hughes-Formella BJ, Filbry A, Gassmueller J, Rippke F: Anti-inflammatory efficacy of topical preparations with 10 % hamamelis distillate in a UV erythema test. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2002;15(2):125-32.
Herbe de la Saint-Jean
1. Bon S, Hartmann K, Kuhn M (traduction Bertrand F) : Le millepertuis, un inducteur enzymatique ? Bull Méd Suiss 1999 ; 80(36):2195-6.
2. Woelk H, et al.: Comparison of St.John’s wort and imipramin for treating depression; randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2000;321:536-9.
3. St John’s wort for major depression. Linde K, Berner MM, Kriston L. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Oct 8;(4)
Hibiscus
1. Herrera-Arellano A, Miranda-Sanchez J, Avila-Castro P, Herrera-Alvarez S, Jimenez-Ferrer JE, Zamilpa A, et al.: Clinical effects produced by a standardized herbal medicinal product of Hibiscus sabdariffa on patients with hypertension. A randomized, double-blind, lisinopril-controlled clinical trial. Planta medica. 2007;73(1):6-12.
2. Hopkins AL, Lamm MG, Funk JL, Ritenbaugh C: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in the treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia: a comprehensive review of animal and human studies. Fitoterapia. 2013;85:84-94.
3. McKay DL, Chen CY, Saltzman E, Blumberg JB: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. tea (tisane) lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults. The Journal of nutrition. 2010;140(2):298-303.
Lin
1. Singer P, Jaeger W, Berger I, et al.: Effects of dietary oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins and the formation of eicosanoid precursors in patients with mild essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 1990;4(3):227-33.
2. Tramonte SM, Brand MB, Mulrow CD, et al.: The treatment of chronic constipation in adults: a systematic review. J Gen Int Med. 1997;12(1):15-24.
Marron d’Inde
1. Morales PCA, Barros SRM: Efficacité et sécurité de l’utilisation de l’extrait sec de marron d’Inde dans le traitement de l’insuffisance veineuse chronique des membres inférieurs [en portugais-brésilien]. Rev Bras Med.1993;50(11):1563-1565.
2. Diehm C, Trampisch HJ, Lange S, et al.: Comparison of leg compression stocking and oral horse-chestnut seed extract therapy in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Lancet. 1996;347(8997):292-294.
3. Wienert V: Efficacy of aescin on the capillary fragility in men. International Journal of Angiol. 1997;6(2):115-117.
4. Pittler MH, Ernst E.: Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 ;11:CD003230. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003230.pub4.
5. Leach MJ, Pincombe J, Foster G: Using horsechestnut seed extract in the treatment of venous leg ulcers : a cost-benefit analysis. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2006;52(4):68-70,72-4,76-8.
Mélisse
1. Buchner KH, Hellings H, Huber, et al.: Étude en double aveugle montrant l’effet thérapeutique de l’huile essentielle de mélisse sur les syndromes psycho-végétatifs [en allemand]. Med Klin. 1974;69(23):1032-6.
2. May S, Willuhn G: Effet anti-viral d’extraits aqueux de plantes sur des cultures tissulaires [en allemand]. Arznei Forsch / Drug Res 1978;28:1-7.
3. Vogt HJ, Tausch I, Wölbling RH, Kaiser PM : Extrait de mélisse contre Herpès simplex [en allemand]. Allgemeinarzt 1991;14:832-41.
4. Donald J, Brown ND, Dattner AM: Phytotherapeutic Approaches to Common Dermatologic Condition. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:1401-4.
5. Astani A, Navid MH, Schnitzler P: Attachment and penetration of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus are inhibited by Melissa officinalis extract. Phytother Res. 2014;28(10):1547-52.
Menthe poivrée
1. Gobel H, Fresenius J, Heinze A: Efficacité de Oleum menthae piperitae et paracetamol dans le traitement de la céphalée de type tensionnel [en allemand] Nervenarzt. 1996;67(8):672-81.
2. Pittler MH, Ernst E: Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:1131-5.
3. Thompson Coon J, Ernst E: Systematic review: herbal medicinal products for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(10):1689-99.
4. Borhani Haghighi A, Motazedian S, Rezaii R, Mohammadi F, et al.: Cutaneous application of menthol 10 % solution as an abortive treatment of migraine without aura: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossed-over study. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(4):451-6.
6. Sayyah Melli M, Rashidi MR, Delazar A, et al.: Effect of peppermint water on prevention of nipple cracks in lactating primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial. Int Breastfeed J. 2007,19;2:7.
Miel
1. Oduwole O, Udoh EE, Oyo-Ita A, Meremikwu MM. Honey for acute cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;4(4):CD007094.
2. Abuelgasim H, Albury C, Lee J. Effectiveness of honey for symptomatic relief in upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 Aug 18]. BMJ Evid Based Med. 2020;bmjebm-2020-111336
3. Raeessi MA, Aslani J, Raeessi N, Gharaie H, Karimi Zarchi AA, Raeessi F. Honey plus coffee versus systemic steroid in the treatment of persistent post-infectious cough: a randomised controlled trial. Prim Care Respir J. 2013;22(3):325-330.
4. Laue C, Papazova E, Liesegang A, et al. Effect of a yoghurt drink containing Lactobacillus strains on bacterial vaginosis in women – a double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical pilot trial. Benef Microbes. 2018;9(1):35-50-
5. Seifinadergoli Z, Nahidi F, Safaiyan A, Javadzadeh Y, Eteraf-Oskouei T. Comparison of the efficacy of honey gel and clotrimazole cream in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis symptoms: a randomized clinical trial. Electron Physician. 2017;10(6):6904-6911.
6.Darvishi M, Jahdi F, Hamzegardeshi Z, Goodarzi S, Vahedi M. The Comparison of vaginal cream of mixing yogurt, honey and clotrimazole on symptoms of vaginal candidiasis. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;7(6):108-116.
7. Abdel-Naby Awad OG, Hamad AH. Honey can help in herpes simplex gingivostomatitis in children: Prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Am J Otolaryngol. 2018;39(6):759-763.
8. El-Haddad SA, Asiri FY, Al-Qahtani HH, Al-Ghmlas AS. Efficacy of honey in comparison to topical corticosteroid for treatment of recurrent minor aphthous ulceration: a randomized, blind, controlled, parallel, double-center clinical trial. Quintessence Int. 2014;45(8):691-701.
Onagre
1. Bordoni A, et al.: Evening primrose oil (Efamol) in the treatment of children with atopic eczema. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1988;14(4):291-7.
2. Morse PF, et al.: Meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studies of the efficacy of Epogam in the treatment of atopic eczema. Relationship between plasma essential fatty acid changes and clinical response. Br J Dermatol. 1989;121(1):75-90.
3. Anstey A, Quigley M, Wilkinson JD: Topical evening primrose oil as treatment for atopic eczema. J Dermatol Treat. 1990; 1(4): 199-201.
4. Whitaker DK, Cilliers J, de-Beer C: Evening primrose oil (Epogam) in the treatment of chronic hand dermatitis: disappointing therapeutic results. Dermatol. 1996;193(2):115-20.
5.Hederos-CA; Berg-A: Epogam evening primrose oil treatment in atopic dermatitis and asthma. Arch Dis Child. 1996;75(6):494-7.
6. Little C, Parsons T: Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis (Cochrane Review). In : The Cochrane Library,Issue 4, 2001.
Ortie
1. Mittman P: Randomized, double-blind study of freeze-dried Urtica dioica in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Planta Med 1990;56:44-7.
2. Krzeski T, et al.: Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses. Clin Ther 1993;15(6):1011-20.
3. Hryb DJ et al.: The effect of extracts of the roots of the stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on the interaction of SHBG with its receptor on human prostatic membranes. Planta Med. 1995;61:31-32.
4. Sokeland J, Albrecht J : Extraits combinés de sabal et d’ortie VS finastéride dans l’hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate (Alken I-II) [en allemand]. Urologe – Ausgabe. 1997;36(4):327-333.
5. Randall C et al.: Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain. J R Soc Med 2000;93:305-9.
Piment
Oltean H et al.: Herbal medicine for low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Dec 23;12:CD004504.
Réglisse
1. Anderson J, Smith WG: The anti-tussive activity of glycyrrhetic acid and its derivatives. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1961;13:396-404.
2. Gupta D, et al.: Effect of preoperative licorice lozenges on incidence of postextubation cough and sore throat in smokers undergoing general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2013;22(2):173-8.
3. Ruetzler K, et al.: A randomized, double-blind comparison of licorice versus sugar-water gargle for prevention of postoperative sore throat and postextubation coughing. Anesth Analg. 2013;117(3):614-21.
4. Martin MD, et al.: A controlled trial of a dissolving oral patch concerning glycyrrhiza (licorice) herbal extract for the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Gen Dent. 2008 Mar-Apr;56(2):206-10.
Saule blanc
1. Krivoy N, et al. Effect of salicis cortex extract on human platelet aggregation.Planta Med 2001;67(3):209-12.
2. Vlachojannis JE, Cameron M and Chrubasik S: A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Willow Bark for Musculoskeletal Pain. Phytother. Res. 2009;23,897-900.
3. Chrubasik S, et al.: Treatment of low back pain exacerbations with willow bark extract: A randomized double-blind study. American Journal of Medicine, 2000, 109:9-14.
Stévia
1. Cardello HM, et al.: Measurement of the relative sweetness of stevia extract, aspartame and cyclamate/saccharin blend as compared to sucrose at different concentrations. Plant Foods for Hum Nutrit. 1999;54(2):119-30.
2.Chan P, et al.: A double-blind placebo-controlled study of the effectiveness and tolerability of oral stevioside in human hypertension. Br J of Clin Pharmacol. 2000 ; 50(3):215-220.
3. Ulbricht C1, et al. : An evidence-based systematic review of stevia by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2010;8(2):113-27.
Tea tree
1. Bassett IB, Pannowitz DL, Barnetson RS: A comparative study of tea-tree oil versus benzoylperoxide in the treatment of acne. Med J Aust. 1990;153(8):455-8.
2. Buck DS, Nidorf DM, Addino JG: Comparison of two topical preparations for the treatment of onychomycosis : Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and clotrimazole. J Fam Pract 1994;38(6):601-5
3. Hammer KA: Treatment of acne with tea tree oil (melaleuca) products: a review of efficacy, tolerability and potential modes of action. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2015;45(2):106-10.
Tormentille
1. Subbotina MD, Timchenko VN, Vorobyov MM, et al.: Effect of oral administration of tormentil root extract (Potentilla tormentilla) on rotavirus diarrhea in children: a randomized, double blind, controlled trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2003;22(8):706–10.
2. Huber R, Ditfurth A, Amann F, et al: Tormentil for Active Ulcerative Colitis An Open-label, Dose-escalating Study. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007;41(9):834-838.
3. Tomczyk M, Latté KP: Potentilla – A review of its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. J of Ethnopharmacol 2009;122:184-204.
Valériane
1. Leathwood PD, Chauffard F, Heck E, Munoz B: Aqueous extract of valerian root (Valeriana officinalis L.) improves sleep quality in man. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982;17(1):65-71.
2. Dorn M : Efficacy and tolerability of Baldrian versus oxazepam in non-organic and non-psychiatric insomniacs: a randomised, double-blind, clinical, comparative study. Forschende Komplementarmed u. Klassische Naturheilkunde. 2000;7:79-84.
3. Fernández-San-Martín MI, Masa-Font R, Palacios-Soler L, Sancho-Gómez P, et al.: Effectiveness of Valerian on insomnia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Sleep Med. 2010;11(6):505-11.
Vigne
1. Kiesewetter H, Koscielny J, Kalus U, et al.: Efficacy of orally administered extract of red vine leaf AS 195 (folia vitis viniferae) in chronic venous insufficiency (stages I-II). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arzneimitt Forsch. 2000;50(2):109-17.
2.Reuter J, Wölfle U, Korting HC, Schempp C: Which plant for which skin disease? Part 2: Dermatophytes, chronic venous insufficiency, photoprotection, actinic keratoses, vitiligo, hair loss, cosmetic indications. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2010;8(11):866-73.
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